{"id":259,"date":"2023-09-22T23:30:26","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T23:30:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kafiyaeyvazova.com\/?p=259"},"modified":"2023-09-23T16:55:49","modified_gmt":"2023-09-23T16:55:49","slug":"azerbaycanda-bedii-xalca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kafiyaeyvazova.com\/?p=259","title":{"rendered":"AZ\u018fRBAYCANDA “B\u018fD\u0130\u0130 XAL\u00c7A”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ctimai v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcbi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n b\u0259dii m\u0259mulatlar (qobelen, keramika, nax\u0131\u015f tikm\u0259, toxuma, z\u0259rg\u0259rlik) v\u0259 t\u00f6km\u0259, a\u011faci\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, d\u00f6ym\u0259, metali\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, c\u0131zma, oyma, yand\u0131rma, divara nax\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k, b\u0259z\u0259k vurma \u00fcsullarla i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 aid edil\u0259n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q x\u00fcsusi qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Q\u0259dim yunan filosoflar\u0131n\u0131n qeydl\u0259ri, arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n meyl etm\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan b\u00fct\u00fcn materiallar (yun \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qoyun\u00e7uluq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, \u0259lvan boyalar hasil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri) burada var idi.<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Bizim xalq\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri xal\u00e7a toxunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a yun, pamb\u0131q, ip\u0259k v\u0259 ba\u015fqa materiallardan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ipl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir; ip n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r burulubsa, bir o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259mdir.<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0 ilk \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r xal\u00e7an\u0131\u00a0 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 toxumu\u015f, vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 bu adi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259tind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259n\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/h2>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq, Orta Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00f6z xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Az\u0259rbaycan vaxtil\u0259 bizd\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan da daxil olmaqla, \u0259srl\u0259r boyu o q\u0259d\u0259r qiym\u0259tli xal\u00e7alar istehsal etmi\u015fdir ki, onlar bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 qorunub saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda Berlinin Perqamon \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Muzeyind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan XV \u0259srd\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fjdaha v\u0259 Simurqun vuru\u015fu\u201d adlanan ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cmli s\u00fcjetli xal\u00e7a, Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert Muzeyind\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdiril\u0259n XVI \u0259sr\u0259 aid \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259 toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d adl\u0131 xal\u0131 d\u00fcnya inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n nadir n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri hesab edilir. Avropa muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 alt\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lan iki \u0259s\u0259r h\u0259r zaman x\u00fcsusi \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qorunur. Onlardan biri Luvr Muzeyind\u0259ki Leonardo da Vin\u00e7inin \u201cMona Liza\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cCokonda\u201d adlanan \u0259s\u0259ri, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n o d\u00f6vr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc (56 m2), t\u0259kraredilm\u0259z kompozisiya, nax\u0131\u015f v\u0259 harmonik r\u0259ng\u0259 malik \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d xal\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/h2>\n

Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi;<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 e.\u0259. IV-III minilliy\u0259 aid ta\u011fala\u011f\u0131n, \u0259l iyinin, J. V s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n olan \u0259yirici al\u0259tin hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir s\u0259n\u0259t kimi geni\u015f yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbuta yetirir.<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u0259. IV minilliy\u0259 aid h\u0259sir izl\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n \u0259cdad\u0131 olan palazlar\u0131n toxunma texnikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n h\u0259sirl\u0259rd\u0259n o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u00f6\u015f\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k kimi istifad\u0259 edildiyini bildirir.<\/h2>\n

T\u0259dqiqatlar Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Qafqazda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bi olmas\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir. D\u00fcnyada Qafqaz xal\u00e7a kompozisiyalar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan \u00e7e\u015fnil\u0259rin 90%-ni Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7a ustalar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 kompozisiyalar t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n uzaqlarda tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 XIV-XV \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid \u015e\u0259rq miniat\u00fcrl\u0259ri v\u0259 Avropa r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259sdiq edir. Orta \u0259sr italyan, holland, flamand r\u0259ssamlar\u0131 – Hans Memlinq, Karlo Krivelli, Tomas de Keyzer \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Quba v\u0259 \u015eirvan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/h2>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u00a0 xal\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilmi\u015f, t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015f v\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yer alan \u00e7oxlu m\u0259lumatlar say\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. Yunan tarix\u00e7isi Ksenofont (e.\u0259. V \u0259sr), alban tarix\u00e7isi Moisey Kalankatuklu (VII \u0259sr), \u0259r\u0259b m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri (IX-X \u0259sr), \u0259l-M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259si (X \u0259sr), \u0130bn Havq\u0259l (X \u0259.), \u0259l-M\u0259sudi (X \u0259sr), \u0259l-\u0130st\u0259xri (X \u0259.) kimi salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r, \u00e7in s\u0259yyah\u0131 Syuan Tszyan (VII \u0259sr), italyan s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7isi Marko Polo (XIII \u0259sr), ingilis tacirl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259firl\u0259r xalq\u0131m\u0131za dair verdikl\u0259ri informasiyalarda xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar yazm\u0131\u015flar.<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xal\u00e7a h\u0259r zaman xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sevimlisi olmu\u015f, yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z na\u011f\u0131l, \u015feir, dastan v\u0259 z\u0259rb-m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir. Bu q\u0259bild\u0259n, \u201cKitabi D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d dastan\u0131nda ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131n, xal\u0131lar\u0131n adlar\u0131na tez-tez rast g\u0259linir. XII \u0259sr klassik Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f simalar\u0131 Q\u0259tran T\u0259brizi, Nizami v\u0259 Xaqaninin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qiym\u0259tli saplardan toxunmu\u015f ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259lumatlar verilir.<\/h2>\n

XV-XVII\u00a0 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r\u00a0 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti daha geni\u015f inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dem\u0259k olarki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 xal\u00e7a toxunmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259lveri\u015fli iqlim \u015f\u0259raiti q\u0259dim zamanlardan xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan vermi\u015fdir.<\/h2>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti 16 noyabr 2010-cu il tarixind\u0259 YUNESKO-nun B\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin Qeyri-Maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rsin Reprezentativ Siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir.<\/h2>\n

Xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri;<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00f6z texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olurlar. Xal\u00e7a v\u0259 xal\u00e7a m\u0259mulatlar\u0131 sad\u0259 toxuculu\u011fa \u0259saslanan uzun bir t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Toxuculu\u011fun ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini bitki m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammaldan (qam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0259t\u0259n v\u0259s.) sad\u0259 ke\u00e7irtm\u0259 \u00fcsulu il\u0259 istehsal olunan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259mulatlardan g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.Xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 says\u0131z-hesabs\u0131z m\u00fcxt\u0259lif funksiya da\u015f\u0131yan xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Palaz, kilim, cecim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili, sumax v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra ba\u015fqa xovsuz xal\u00e7a n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin tarixi olduqca q\u0259diml\u0259r\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu n\u00f6v xal\u00e7alar h\u0259l\u0259 insan\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri h\u0259yat s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid olub, k\u00f6\u00e7 arabalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn, yan-y\u00f6r\u0259sinin \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar toxuculuq s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n erk\u0259n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxuma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bunlar palaz, cecim, lad\u0131, kilim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili v\u0259 sumax adlan\u0131r. Sadalanan xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri ilm\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131, r\u0259ng \u00e7alarlar\u0131, toxunu\u015fu v\u0259 ornamentl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir<\/h2>\n

M\u018fNB\u018fL\u018fR : Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131 ensiklopediyas\u0131. II cild.
\nAz\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00fcnya kolleksiyalar\u0131nda.
\nAbdullayeva S.A. Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisi v\u0259 t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t.bak\u0131-2010
\nD\u00fcnyamal\u0131yeva S.S. Ornament (tarixi, n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, qurulmas\u0131) Bak\u0131 \u2013 2013
\nBak\u0131, \u015eirvan, Quba xal\u00e7alar\u0131. Bak\u0131. “Ziya”. 2013.
\nM\u0259mm\u0259dov X.S., \u018fmir\u0259slanov \u0130.R., N\u0259c\u0259fov H.N., M\u00fcrs\u0259liyev A.A. “Nax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131”. Az\u0259rb. D\u00f6vl\u0259t n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131. Bak\u0131, 1981.
\nTa\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1999.
\n1. \u018ff\u0259ndiyev R. Az\u0259rbaycan dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri (Orta \u0259srl\u0259r). Bak\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u0131q, 1976. K\u0259rimov L. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. I cild B.-L. 1961.<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ctimai v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcbi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n b\u0259dii m\u0259mulatlar (qobelen, keramika, nax\u0131\u015f tikm\u0259, toxuma, z\u0259rg\u0259rlik) v\u0259 t\u00f6km\u0259, a\u011faci\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, d\u00f6ym\u0259, metali\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, c\u0131zma, oyma, yand\u0131rma, divara nax\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k, b\u0259z\u0259k vurma \u00fcsullarla i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 aid edil\u0259n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q x\u00fcsusi qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Q\u0259dim yunan filosoflar\u0131n\u0131n qeydl\u0259ri, arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n meyl etm\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan b\u00fct\u00fcn materiallar (yun \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qoyun\u00e7uluq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, \u0259lvan boyalar hasil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri) burada var idi. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Bizim xalq\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri xal\u00e7a toxunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a yun, pamb\u0131q, ip\u0259k v\u0259 ba\u015fqa materiallardan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ipl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir; ip n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r burulubsa, bir o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259mdir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0 ilk \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r xal\u00e7an\u0131\u00a0 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 toxumu\u015f, vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 bu adi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259tind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259n\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq, Orta Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00f6z xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Az\u0259rbaycan vaxtil\u0259 bizd\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan da daxil olmaqla, \u0259srl\u0259r boyu o q\u0259d\u0259r qiym\u0259tli xal\u00e7alar istehsal etmi\u015fdir ki, onlar bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 qorunub saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda Berlinin Perqamon \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Muzeyind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan XV \u0259srd\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fjdaha v\u0259 Simurqun vuru\u015fu\u201d adlanan ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cmli s\u00fcjetli xal\u00e7a, Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert Muzeyind\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdiril\u0259n XVI \u0259sr\u0259 aid \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259 toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d adl\u0131 xal\u0131 d\u00fcnya inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n nadir n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri hesab edilir. Avropa muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 alt\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lan iki \u0259s\u0259r h\u0259r zaman x\u00fcsusi \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qorunur. Onlardan biri Luvr Muzeyind\u0259ki Leonardo da Vin\u00e7inin \u201cMona Liza\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cCokonda\u201d adlanan \u0259s\u0259ri, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n o d\u00f6vr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc (56 m2), t\u0259kraredilm\u0259z kompozisiya, nax\u0131\u015f v\u0259 harmonik r\u0259ng\u0259 malik \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d xal\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi; \u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 e.\u0259. IV-III minilliy\u0259 aid ta\u011fala\u011f\u0131n, \u0259l iyinin, J. V s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n olan \u0259yirici al\u0259tin hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir s\u0259n\u0259t kimi geni\u015f yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbuta yetirir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u0259. IV minilliy\u0259 aid h\u0259sir izl\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n \u0259cdad\u0131 olan palazlar\u0131n toxunma texnikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n h\u0259sirl\u0259rd\u0259n o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u00f6\u015f\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k kimi istifad\u0259 edildiyini bildirir. T\u0259dqiqatlar Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Qafqazda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bi olmas\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir. D\u00fcnyada Qafqaz xal\u00e7a kompozisiyalar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan \u00e7e\u015fnil\u0259rin 90%-ni Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7a ustalar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 kompozisiyalar t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n uzaqlarda tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 XIV-XV \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid \u015e\u0259rq miniat\u00fcrl\u0259ri v\u0259 Avropa r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259sdiq edir. Orta \u0259sr italyan, holland, flamand r\u0259ssamlar\u0131 – Hans Memlinq, Karlo Krivelli, Tomas de Keyzer \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Quba v\u0259 \u015eirvan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u00a0 xal\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilmi\u015f, t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015f v\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yer alan \u00e7oxlu m\u0259lumatlar say\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. Yunan tarix\u00e7isi Ksenofont (e.\u0259. V \u0259sr), alban tarix\u00e7isi Moisey Kalankatuklu (VII \u0259sr), \u0259r\u0259b m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri (IX-X \u0259sr), \u0259l-M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259si (X \u0259sr), \u0130bn Havq\u0259l (X \u0259.), \u0259l-M\u0259sudi (X \u0259sr), \u0259l-\u0130st\u0259xri (X \u0259.) kimi salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r, \u00e7in s\u0259yyah\u0131 Syuan Tszyan (VII \u0259sr), italyan s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7isi Marko Polo (XIII \u0259sr), ingilis tacirl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259firl\u0259r xalq\u0131m\u0131za dair verdikl\u0259ri informasiyalarda xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar yazm\u0131\u015flar. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xal\u00e7a h\u0259r zaman xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sevimlisi olmu\u015f, yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z na\u011f\u0131l, \u015feir, dastan v\u0259 z\u0259rb-m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir. Bu q\u0259bild\u0259n, \u201cKitabi D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d dastan\u0131nda ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131n, xal\u0131lar\u0131n adlar\u0131na tez-tez rast g\u0259linir. XII \u0259sr klassik Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f simalar\u0131 Q\u0259tran T\u0259brizi, Nizami v\u0259 Xaqaninin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qiym\u0259tli saplardan toxunmu\u015f ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259lumatlar verilir. XV-XVII\u00a0 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r\u00a0 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti daha geni\u015f inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dem\u0259k olarki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 xal\u00e7a toxunmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259lveri\u015fli iqlim \u015f\u0259raiti q\u0259dim zamanlardan xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan vermi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti 16 noyabr 2010-cu il tarixind\u0259 YUNESKO-nun B\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin Qeyri-Maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rsin Reprezentativ Siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir. Xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri; Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00f6z texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olurlar. Xal\u00e7a v\u0259 xal\u00e7a m\u0259mulatlar\u0131 sad\u0259 toxuculu\u011fa \u0259saslanan uzun bir t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Toxuculu\u011fun ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini bitki m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammaldan (qam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0259t\u0259n v\u0259s.) sad\u0259 ke\u00e7irtm\u0259 \u00fcsulu il\u0259 istehsal olunan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259mulatlardan g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.Xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 says\u0131z-hesabs\u0131z m\u00fcxt\u0259lif funksiya da\u015f\u0131yan xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Palaz, kilim, cecim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili, sumax v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra ba\u015fqa xovsuz xal\u00e7a n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin tarixi olduqca q\u0259diml\u0259r\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu n\u00f6v xal\u00e7alar h\u0259l\u0259 insan\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri h\u0259yat s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid olub, k\u00f6\u00e7 arabalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn, yan-y\u00f6r\u0259sinin \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar toxuculuq s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n erk\u0259n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxuma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bunlar palaz, cecim, lad\u0131, kilim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili v\u0259 sumax adlan\u0131r. Sadalanan xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri ilm\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131, r\u0259ng \u00e7alarlar\u0131, toxunu\u015fu v\u0259 ornamentl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir M\u018fNB\u018fL\u018fR : Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131 ensiklopediyas\u0131. II cild. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00fcnya kolleksiyalar\u0131nda. Abdullayeva S.A. Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisi v\u0259 t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t.bak\u0131-2010 D\u00fcnyamal\u0131yeva S.S. Ornament (tarixi, n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, qurulmas\u0131) Bak\u0131 \u2013 2013 Bak\u0131, \u015eirvan, Quba xal\u00e7alar\u0131. Bak\u0131. “Ziya”. 2013. M\u0259mm\u0259dov X.S., \u018fmir\u0259slanov \u0130.R., N\u0259c\u0259fov H.N., M\u00fcrs\u0259liyev A.A. “Nax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131”. Az\u0259rb. D\u00f6vl\u0259t n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131. Bak\u0131, 1981. Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1999. 1. \u018ff\u0259ndiyev R. Az\u0259rbaycan dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri (Orta \u0259srl\u0259r). Bak\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u0131q, 1976. K\u0259rimov L. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. I cild B.-L. 1961.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xalcaciliq","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nAZ\u018fRBAYCANDA "B\u018fD\u0130\u0130 XAL\u00c7A" - Kafiy\u0259 Eyvazova<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kafiyaeyvazova.com\/?p=259\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"az_AZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AZ\u018fRBAYCANDA "B\u018fD\u0130\u0130 XAL\u00c7A" - Kafiy\u0259 Eyvazova\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ctimai v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcbi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n b\u0259dii m\u0259mulatlar (qobelen, keramika, nax\u0131\u015f tikm\u0259, toxuma, z\u0259rg\u0259rlik) v\u0259 t\u00f6km\u0259, a\u011faci\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, d\u00f6ym\u0259, metali\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, c\u0131zma, oyma, yand\u0131rma, divara nax\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k, b\u0259z\u0259k vurma \u00fcsullarla i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 aid edil\u0259n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q x\u00fcsusi qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Q\u0259dim yunan filosoflar\u0131n\u0131n qeydl\u0259ri, arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n meyl etm\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan b\u00fct\u00fcn materiallar (yun \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qoyun\u00e7uluq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, \u0259lvan boyalar hasil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri) burada var idi. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Bizim xalq\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri xal\u00e7a toxunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a yun, pamb\u0131q, ip\u0259k v\u0259 ba\u015fqa materiallardan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ipl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir; ip n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r burulubsa, bir o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259mdir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0 ilk \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r xal\u00e7an\u0131\u00a0 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 toxumu\u015f, vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 bu adi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259tind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259n\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq, Orta Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00f6z xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Az\u0259rbaycan vaxtil\u0259 bizd\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan da daxil olmaqla, \u0259srl\u0259r boyu o q\u0259d\u0259r qiym\u0259tli xal\u00e7alar istehsal etmi\u015fdir ki, onlar bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 qorunub saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda Berlinin Perqamon \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Muzeyind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan XV \u0259srd\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fjdaha v\u0259 Simurqun vuru\u015fu\u201d adlanan ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cmli s\u00fcjetli xal\u00e7a, Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert Muzeyind\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdiril\u0259n XVI \u0259sr\u0259 aid \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259 toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d adl\u0131 xal\u0131 d\u00fcnya inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n nadir n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri hesab edilir. Avropa muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 alt\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lan iki \u0259s\u0259r h\u0259r zaman x\u00fcsusi \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qorunur. Onlardan biri Luvr Muzeyind\u0259ki Leonardo da Vin\u00e7inin \u201cMona Liza\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cCokonda\u201d adlanan \u0259s\u0259ri, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n o d\u00f6vr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc (56 m2), t\u0259kraredilm\u0259z kompozisiya, nax\u0131\u015f v\u0259 harmonik r\u0259ng\u0259 malik \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d xal\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi; \u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 e.\u0259. IV-III minilliy\u0259 aid ta\u011fala\u011f\u0131n, \u0259l iyinin, J. V s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n olan \u0259yirici al\u0259tin hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir s\u0259n\u0259t kimi geni\u015f yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbuta yetirir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u0259. IV minilliy\u0259 aid h\u0259sir izl\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n \u0259cdad\u0131 olan palazlar\u0131n toxunma texnikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n h\u0259sirl\u0259rd\u0259n o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u00f6\u015f\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k kimi istifad\u0259 edildiyini bildirir. T\u0259dqiqatlar Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Qafqazda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bi olmas\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir. D\u00fcnyada Qafqaz xal\u00e7a kompozisiyalar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan \u00e7e\u015fnil\u0259rin 90%-ni Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7a ustalar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 kompozisiyalar t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n uzaqlarda tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 XIV-XV \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid \u015e\u0259rq miniat\u00fcrl\u0259ri v\u0259 Avropa r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259sdiq edir. Orta \u0259sr italyan, holland, flamand r\u0259ssamlar\u0131 – Hans Memlinq, Karlo Krivelli, Tomas de Keyzer \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Quba v\u0259 \u015eirvan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u00a0 xal\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilmi\u015f, t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015f v\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yer alan \u00e7oxlu m\u0259lumatlar say\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. Yunan tarix\u00e7isi Ksenofont (e.\u0259. V \u0259sr), alban tarix\u00e7isi Moisey Kalankatuklu (VII \u0259sr), \u0259r\u0259b m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri (IX-X \u0259sr), \u0259l-M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259si (X \u0259sr), \u0130bn Havq\u0259l (X \u0259.), \u0259l-M\u0259sudi (X \u0259sr), \u0259l-\u0130st\u0259xri (X \u0259.) kimi salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r, \u00e7in s\u0259yyah\u0131 Syuan Tszyan (VII \u0259sr), italyan s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7isi Marko Polo (XIII \u0259sr), ingilis tacirl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259firl\u0259r xalq\u0131m\u0131za dair verdikl\u0259ri informasiyalarda xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar yazm\u0131\u015flar. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xal\u00e7a h\u0259r zaman xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sevimlisi olmu\u015f, yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z na\u011f\u0131l, \u015feir, dastan v\u0259 z\u0259rb-m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir. Bu q\u0259bild\u0259n, \u201cKitabi D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d dastan\u0131nda ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131n, xal\u0131lar\u0131n adlar\u0131na tez-tez rast g\u0259linir. XII \u0259sr klassik Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f simalar\u0131 Q\u0259tran T\u0259brizi, Nizami v\u0259 Xaqaninin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qiym\u0259tli saplardan toxunmu\u015f ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259lumatlar verilir. XV-XVII\u00a0 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r\u00a0 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti daha geni\u015f inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dem\u0259k olarki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 xal\u00e7a toxunmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259lveri\u015fli iqlim \u015f\u0259raiti q\u0259dim zamanlardan xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan vermi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti 16 noyabr 2010-cu il tarixind\u0259 YUNESKO-nun B\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin Qeyri-Maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rsin Reprezentativ Siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir. Xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri; Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00f6z texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olurlar. Xal\u00e7a v\u0259 xal\u00e7a m\u0259mulatlar\u0131 sad\u0259 toxuculu\u011fa \u0259saslanan uzun bir t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Toxuculu\u011fun ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini bitki m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammaldan (qam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0259t\u0259n v\u0259s.) sad\u0259 ke\u00e7irtm\u0259 \u00fcsulu il\u0259 istehsal olunan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259mulatlardan g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.Xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 says\u0131z-hesabs\u0131z m\u00fcxt\u0259lif funksiya da\u015f\u0131yan xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Palaz, kilim, cecim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili, sumax v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra ba\u015fqa xovsuz xal\u00e7a n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin tarixi olduqca q\u0259diml\u0259r\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu n\u00f6v xal\u00e7alar h\u0259l\u0259 insan\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri h\u0259yat s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid olub, k\u00f6\u00e7 arabalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn, yan-y\u00f6r\u0259sinin \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar toxuculuq s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n erk\u0259n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxuma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bunlar palaz, cecim, lad\u0131, kilim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili v\u0259 sumax adlan\u0131r. Sadalanan xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri ilm\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131, r\u0259ng \u00e7alarlar\u0131, toxunu\u015fu v\u0259 ornamentl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir M\u018fNB\u018fL\u018fR : Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131 ensiklopediyas\u0131. II cild. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00fcnya kolleksiyalar\u0131nda. Abdullayeva S.A. Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisi v\u0259 t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t.bak\u0131-2010 D\u00fcnyamal\u0131yeva S.S. Ornament (tarixi, n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, qurulmas\u0131) Bak\u0131 \u2013 2013 Bak\u0131, \u015eirvan, Quba xal\u00e7alar\u0131. Bak\u0131. “Ziya”. 2013. M\u0259mm\u0259dov X.S., \u018fmir\u0259slanov \u0130.R., N\u0259c\u0259fov H.N., M\u00fcrs\u0259liyev A.A. “Nax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131”. Az\u0259rb. D\u00f6vl\u0259t n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131. Bak\u0131, 1981. Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1999. 1. \u018ff\u0259ndiyev R. Az\u0259rbaycan dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri (Orta \u0259srl\u0259r). Bak\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u0131q, 1976. K\u0259rimov L. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. 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Kafiy\u0259 Eyvazova","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/kafiyaeyvazova.com\/?p=259","og_locale":"az_AZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"AZ\u018fRBAYCANDA \"B\u018fD\u0130\u0130 XAL\u00c7A\" - Kafiy\u0259 Eyvazova","og_description":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ctimai v\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcbi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n b\u0259dii m\u0259mulatlar (qobelen, keramika, nax\u0131\u015f tikm\u0259, toxuma, z\u0259rg\u0259rlik) v\u0259 t\u00f6km\u0259, a\u011faci\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, d\u00f6ym\u0259, metali\u015fl\u0259m\u0259, c\u0131zma, oyma, yand\u0131rma, divara nax\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k, b\u0259z\u0259k vurma \u00fcsullarla i\u015fl\u0259nmi\u015f \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycanda \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 aid edil\u0259n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q x\u00fcsusi qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Q\u0259dim yunan filosoflar\u0131n\u0131n qeydl\u0259ri, arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7ox q\u0259dimd\u0259n meyl etm\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan b\u00fct\u00fcn materiallar (yun \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qoyun\u00e7uluq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, \u0259lvan boyalar hasil etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif bitki n\u00f6vl\u0259ri) burada var idi. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Bizim xalq\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri xal\u00e7a toxunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a yun, pamb\u0131q, ip\u0259k v\u0259 ba\u015fqa materiallardan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ipl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir; ip n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r burulubsa, bir o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259mdir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0 ilk \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r xal\u00e7an\u0131\u00a0 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 toxumu\u015f, vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 bu adi m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259tind\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259n\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq, Orta Asiya \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u00f6z xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhurdur. Az\u0259rbaycan vaxtil\u0259 bizd\u0259n ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan da daxil olmaqla, \u0259srl\u0259r boyu o q\u0259d\u0259r qiym\u0259tli xal\u00e7alar istehsal etmi\u015fdir ki, onlar bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 qorunub saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda Berlinin Perqamon \u0130nc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t Muzeyind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lan XV \u0259srd\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fjdaha v\u0259 Simurqun vuru\u015fu\u201d adlanan ki\u00e7ik h\u0259cmli s\u00fcjetli xal\u00e7a, Londonun Viktoriya v\u0259 Albert Muzeyind\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdiril\u0259n XVI \u0259sr\u0259 aid \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259 toxunmu\u015f \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d adl\u0131 xal\u0131 d\u00fcnya inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n nadir n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri hesab edilir. Avropa muzeyl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u0259 alt\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lan iki \u0259s\u0259r h\u0259r zaman x\u00fcsusi \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qorunur. Onlardan biri Luvr Muzeyind\u0259ki Leonardo da Vin\u00e7inin \u201cMona Liza\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cCokonda\u201d adlanan \u0259s\u0259ri, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n o d\u00f6vr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc (56 m2), t\u0259kraredilm\u0259z kompozisiya, nax\u0131\u015f v\u0259 harmonik r\u0259ng\u0259 malik \u201c\u015eeyx S\u0259fi\u201d xal\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi; \u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycanda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarixi q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 e.\u0259. IV-III minilliy\u0259 aid ta\u011fala\u011f\u0131n, \u0259l iyinin, J. V s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n olan \u0259yirici al\u0259tin hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir s\u0259n\u0259t kimi geni\u015f yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbuta yetirir. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E.\u0259. IV minilliy\u0259 aid h\u0259sir izl\u0259rinin tap\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n \u0259cdad\u0131 olan palazlar\u0131n toxunma texnikas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n h\u0259sirl\u0259rd\u0259n o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u00f6\u015f\u0259n\u0259c\u0259k kimi istifad\u0259 edildiyini bildirir. T\u0259dqiqatlar Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Qafqazda xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u0259kt\u0259bi olmas\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir. D\u00fcnyada Qafqaz xal\u00e7a kompozisiyalar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan \u00e7e\u015fnil\u0259rin 90%-ni Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7a ustalar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 kompozisiyalar t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n uzaqlarda tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 XIV-XV \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid \u015e\u0259rq miniat\u00fcrl\u0259ri v\u0259 Avropa r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259sdiq edir. Orta \u0259sr italyan, holland, flamand r\u0259ssamlar\u0131 – Hans Memlinq, Karlo Krivelli, Tomas de Keyzer \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 Quba v\u0259 \u015eirvan xal\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u00a0 xal\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nilmi\u015f, t\u0259dqiq edilmi\u015f v\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yer alan \u00e7oxlu m\u0259lumatlar say\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir. Yunan tarix\u00e7isi Ksenofont (e.\u0259. V \u0259sr), alban tarix\u00e7isi Moisey Kalankatuklu (VII \u0259sr), \u0259r\u0259b m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri (IX-X \u0259sr), \u0259l-M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259si (X \u0259sr), \u0130bn Havq\u0259l (X \u0259.), \u0259l-M\u0259sudi (X \u0259sr), \u0259l-\u0130st\u0259xri (X \u0259.) kimi salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r, \u00e7in s\u0259yyah\u0131 Syuan Tszyan (VII \u0259sr), italyan s\u0259yah\u0259t\u00e7isi Marko Polo (XIII \u0259sr), ingilis tacirl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259firl\u0259r xalq\u0131m\u0131za dair verdikl\u0259ri informasiyalarda xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar yazm\u0131\u015flar. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xal\u00e7a h\u0259r zaman xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sevimlisi olmu\u015f, yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z na\u011f\u0131l, \u015feir, dastan v\u0259 z\u0259rb-m\u0259s\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259zm\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdir. Bu q\u0259bild\u0259n, \u201cKitabi D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d dastan\u0131nda ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131n, xal\u0131lar\u0131n adlar\u0131na tez-tez rast g\u0259linir. XII \u0259sr klassik Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f simalar\u0131 Q\u0259tran T\u0259brizi, Nizami v\u0259 Xaqaninin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qiym\u0259tli saplardan toxunmu\u015f ip\u0259k xal\u00e7alar\u0131m\u0131z haqq\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259lumatlar verilir. XV-XVII\u00a0 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r\u00a0 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259ti daha geni\u015f inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dem\u0259k olarki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 xal\u00e7a toxunmu\u015fdur. Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259lveri\u015fli iqlim \u015f\u0259raiti q\u0259dim zamanlardan xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan vermi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan Xal\u00e7a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259n\u0259ti 16 noyabr 2010-cu il tarixind\u0259 YUNESKO-nun B\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin Qeyri-Maddi M\u0259d\u0259ni \u0130rsin Reprezentativ Siyah\u0131s\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir. Xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri; Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00f6z texniki x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xovlu v\u0259 xovsuz olurlar. Xal\u00e7a v\u0259 xal\u00e7a m\u0259mulatlar\u0131 sad\u0259 toxuculu\u011fa \u0259saslanan uzun bir t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Toxuculu\u011fun ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini bitki m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammaldan (qam\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0259t\u0259n v\u0259s.) sad\u0259 ke\u00e7irtm\u0259 \u00fcsulu il\u0259 istehsal olunan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259mulatlardan g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar.Xal\u00e7a s\u0259n\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 says\u0131z-hesabs\u0131z m\u00fcxt\u0259lif funksiya da\u015f\u0131yan xovsuz xal\u00e7alar\u0131n meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Palaz, kilim, cecim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili, sumax v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra ba\u015fqa xovsuz xal\u00e7a n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin tarixi olduqca q\u0259diml\u0259r\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu n\u00f6v xal\u00e7alar h\u0259l\u0259 insan\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri h\u0259yat s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid olub, k\u00f6\u00e7 arabalar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn, yan-y\u00f6r\u0259sinin \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdur.Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar toxuculuq s\u0259n\u0259tinin \u0259n erk\u0259n d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Xovsuz xal\u00e7alar \u00f6z toxuma \u00fcsuluna, kompozisiya qurulu\u015funa, ornament z\u0259nginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259ng koloritin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259n 8 n\u00f6v\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bunlar palaz, cecim, lad\u0131, kilim, \u015f\u0259dd\u0259, v\u0259rni, zili v\u0259 sumax adlan\u0131r. Sadalanan xal\u00e7a n\u00f6vl\u0259ri ilm\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131, r\u0259ng \u00e7alarlar\u0131, toxunu\u015fu v\u0259 ornamentl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir-birind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259nir M\u018fNB\u018fL\u018fR : Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131 ensiklopediyas\u0131. II cild. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00fcnya kolleksiyalar\u0131nda. Abdullayeva S.A. Az\u0259rbaycan musiqisi v\u0259 t\u0259sviri s\u0259n\u0259t.bak\u0131-2010 D\u00fcnyamal\u0131yeva S.S. Ornament (tarixi, n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, qurulmas\u0131) Bak\u0131 \u2013 2013 Bak\u0131, \u015eirvan, Quba xal\u00e7alar\u0131. Bak\u0131. “Ziya”. 2013. M\u0259mm\u0259dov X.S., \u018fmir\u0259slanov \u0130.R., N\u0259c\u0259fov H.N., M\u00fcrs\u0259liyev A.A. “Nax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131”. Az\u0259rb. D\u00f6vl\u0259t n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131. Bak\u0131, 1981. Ta\u011f\u0131yeva R. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1999. 1. \u018ff\u0259ndiyev R. Az\u0259rbaycan dekorativ-t\u0259tbiqi s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259ri (Orta \u0259srl\u0259r). Bak\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u0131q, 1976. K\u0259rimov L. Az\u0259rbaycan xal\u00e7as\u0131. 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